Diabetes Treatment

1)Diabetes pills
2)Insulin shots

Diabetes pills: There are a quite a few types of diabetes pills. Your doctor will tell you what kind of pills to take and how often. Taking pills does not replace healthful habits.
1. Sulfonylurea drugs have been in use since the 1950s. Chlorpropamide is the only first-generation sulfonylurea still in use today. The second generation sulfonylureas are used in smaller doses than the first-generation drugs. There are three second-generation drugs: glipizide , glyburide, and glimepiride. These drugs are generally taken one to two times a day, before meals. All sulfonylurea drugs have similar effects on blood sugar levels, but they differ in side effects, how often they are taken, and interactions with other drugs.
2. Metformin is a biguanide. It lowers blood sugar by helping insulin work better, mostly in the liver. It is usually taken two times a day. A side effect of metformin may be diarrhea, but this is improved when the drug is taken with food

Insulin shots: Insulin helps your cells take in blood sugar. You then you no longer have too much sugar in your blood. Your doctor will try you on pills first. But sometimes pills don’t work. Or they work at first and then stop. When this happens, your doctor may have you take both pills and insulin or maybe just insulin alone. Your doctor will tell you what kind of insulin to take, how much and when.
More on Insulin: There are four types of insulin, based on
• time of onset of action
• peak time of action
• duration of action
However, each person responds to insulin in his or her own way. That is why onset, peak time, and duration are given as ranges. Rapid-acting insulin reaches the blood within 15 minutes after injection. It peaks 30 to 90 minutes later and may last as long as 5 hours. Short-acting (regular) insulin usually reaches the blood within 30 minutes after injection. It peaks 2 to 4 hours later and stays in the blood for about 4 to 8 hours. Intermediate-acting (NPH and lente) insulins reach the blood 2 to 6 hours after injection. They peak 4 to 14 hours later and stay in the blood for about 14 to 20 hours.
Long-acting (ultralente) insulin takes 6 to 14 hours to start working. It has no peak or a very small peak 10 to 16 hours after injection. It stays in the blood between 20 and 24 hours. Some insulins come mixed together. For example, you can buy regular and NPH insulins already mixed in one bottle. They make it easier to inject two kinds of insulin at the same time. However, you can’t adjust the amount of one insulin without also changing how much you get of the other insulin.

All insulins have added ingredients to keep them fresh and help them work better. Intermediate- and long-acting insulins also have ingredients to make them act longer. Today’s insulins are very pure. Allergic reactions are rare.

Treatment Options

All people with diabetes need to control their condition with proper diet and exercise. They also need to take glucose readings so they can keep their blood sugar level under control.

Type 1: People with Type 1 diabetes all take insulin, which is the hormone they are lacking. You will have to take injections (shots) every day or wear an insulin pump that controls the flow of insulin into your body.

Type 2: Because your body does not make enough insulin for your needs, you may have to take insulin or other medication. If you take insulin or other medication for diabetes.