第二篇讀完，從小被灌輸的所謂『以德報怨』頓時打上問號...
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4月16日報紙全文：19460416

The tragedy of Taiwan

Chinese Extortion Rackets Bleed
Nips Leaving Formosa for Japan

This is the second of a series of dispatches on Formosa, the island which the Japs called Taiwan, telling of conditions since its liberation by the Allies.
By HARLOW M. CHURCH, Special to The Pittsburgh Press

台灣的悲劇

受中國人的勒索敲詐而失血
日本人離開福爾摩沙返回日本

這是一系列關於福爾摩沙（此島日本人稱為台灣）的新聞稿的第二篇，述說它自從被盟軍光復後的狀況。

哈洛M.丘奇撰文，匹茲堡報特稿

TAKAO, Formosa, April 16 - The repatriation of Japanese from Formosa is proceeding swiftly and at an immensely profitable rate to the Chinese Government.

Something like one-half of the 280,000 Japanese soldiers and 210,000 civilians have already been sent home.

The rest, with the exception of the 100,000 that the Chinese wish to keep at slave labor will be shipped from the island by the first of May.

Wherever there’s a Nip, figures the Chinese government, there's a chance for "squeeze" and the Chinese haven't missed a bit. The comparative handful of Americans assisting in repatriation have waged a lone and heroic war to break up the racket. But they have been handicapped by the usual lack of authority and backing by China Theater headquarters and the State Department.

That the Americans have been successful in breaking up many of the rackets is a tribute to the personal imagination, courage and resource of the less than 100 men on the scene.

Like all extortion rackets, the methods are extremely simple. At Taichu, in central Formosa, the Japs were told on Feb. 28 to meet at a public gathering place at a specified hour for a "practice” repatriation assembly. The orders were given by the local Sanminchu-I, the Generalissimo’s own personal youth organization.

高雄，福爾摩沙，4月16日 – 將日本人從台灣遣返正迅速進行，以一個對於中國政府非常有利可圖的速度（費用）。

280,000位日本士兵和210,000位平民大約有一半已被送回家。

剩下的，除了中國人希望留下來當奴工的100,000人外，將在五月一日前從島上送走。

中國政府發現，只要有日本人，就有“壓榨”的機會，而中國人絕未錯過分毫。相對少數的美國人在協助遣返上展開了一場孤獨且英雄般的作戰來打破此一敲詐。但他們因缺乏權威且無中國戰區總部及國務院支持而殘缺無力。

靠著個人的創造力、勇氣和在現場少於100人的資源，美國人已經成功地打破了許多的敲詐。

就像所有的勒索敲詐，方法是非常簡單的。在台中，福爾摩沙中部，日本人被告知2月28日特定時段到一個公眾集會場所集合“練習”遣返程序。該命令是由地方的三民主義青年團下達，蔣委員長個人的青年組織。

Wealthy Japs Seized

When the Japs returned to their homes hours later they found them
looted. some of the homes were actually confiscated outright for use by government authorities.

Tactically all of the wealthy Japs on the island were arrested on unspecified charges the moment Chinese forces landed. All were released later but not, say the Formosans, until substantial amounts of money were squeezed from hand to hand.

These Chinese pledged 100 trucks to assist in the repatriation; finally, after months of prodding by American forces, they delivered 10. Even then they didn't turn over these 10 to the Jap liaison office as promised. Instead, the trucks remained under Chinese control.

The Formosan drivers charged the Japs fare for their transport from home to the nearest pier or railroad depot. Any family that couldn't or wouldn‘t pay, just wasn't able to board the ship on which it was scheduled to leave.

Chinese officials still charge the Japs a “fee" for leaving the country despite the protests of American repatriation forces. Chinese and Formosan doctors, in many cases, charge the Japs stiff prices for the inoculations that are supposed to be administered free of charge.

American forces have tried to break this up by publishing newspaper advertisements to warn the people that no charge can be made for the inoculations. They also have told all Japs that they'd be protected if only they'd name the doctors who insisted on fees.

But the Japs, according to American doctors on the island, are too afraid of the Chinese to turn them in.

富裕的日本人被扣押

當日本人幾小時後返回自家時，他們發現被人洗劫一空了。部分住家事實上被沒收直接由政府部門使用。

策略上中國軍隊登陸那一刻，所有島上富裕的日本人即被以莫須有的罪名逮捕。全部的人稍後都有被釋放，福爾摩沙人表示，那是直到大量的金錢被壓榨出來轉手之後。

這些中國人承諾提供100輛卡車以協助遣返；最後，在美國軍隊數個月的敦促後，他們送來了10輛。即便如此，他們沒依承諾交付這10輛給對日本聯絡處。相反的，卡車仍然由中國人控制。

福爾摩沙司機收費將日本人從家裡載到最近的碼頭或火車站。任何無力負擔或不願付費的家庭，就是沒辦法登上它原定要搭上離去的船。

中國官員仍收取日本人“費用”以離開該國，儘管美國遣返部隊抗議。中國和福爾摩沙的醫生，在很多情況下，都對原本應該免費的預防接種，收取日本人昂貴的價格。

美軍曾在報紙上刊登廣吿警告人們預防接種不可收費，來試著打破此慣例。他們還告訴所有日本人，他們會受到保護，如果他們願意說出堅持收費的醫生。

但日本人，根據島上的美國醫生所言，太害怕中國人把他們抓走。

Run Railroad Racket

At Kiirun, Northern Formosa port and one that sends almost 8000 Japs homewards daily, is another example. Railroad crews refuse to take their trains of repatriates directly to the docks in absolute violation of Chinese promises to do so.

Instead, they stop the trains a half-mile from the harbor. Waiting rickshaws and carts are prepared to haul the Japs and their belongings to the ships for an exorbitant fee.

In a manner reminiscent of Russian actions in Manchuria, about which China complained bitterly to the world, Chinese soldiers stop Japs on the streets and remove their watches and other jewelry.

Jap stores still open in the island close their doors and bar their windows long before dark so all the employees can get home in the daylight hours.

Observers feel that America, as the only major power that insisted on Jap repatriation, has a definite moral responsibility in the treatment of repatriates.

More than 50 percent of the Japs on the island at first registered objections to repatriation.

進行鐵路敲詐

基隆，一個每天送將近8000個日本人回國的福爾摩沙北部港口，是另一個例子。鐵路人員拒絕將遣返火車直接開到船渠，如此做絕對違反了中國的承諾。

相反地，他們將列車停在距離港口半英哩處。守候於此的人力車和馬車準備好要收取高昂的費用來載運日本人和他們的財物到船上。

如同俄羅斯在滿洲的行為，中國向全世界氣憤抱怨過的，中國士兵攔截街上的日本人並拿走他們的的手錶和其他首飾。

島上仍有在營業的日本商店不到天黑就早早關門鎖窗以便讓員工可以在白天回家。

觀察家認為美國作為堅持遣返日本人的唯一大國，在遣返的待遇上有一定的道義責任。

起初島上的日本人有50％以上對遣返提出異議。

Jap Schooling Curbed

But they soon changed their minds. The Chinese enacted laws that forbid the further education of Jap children after they have finished the present school term. And the abuses to which all have been subjected have been enough to arouse an eager desire for repatriation to Japan despite lack of homes or ties there.

Jap property has been confiscated on such a wholesale scale that Americans in Formosa feel that it might endanger or, at least, complicate adjustment of reparation in the final peace treaty.

The Chinese for many months refused to give the receipts or appraisals of properties seized which the Japs could turn into their own government upon their return as a record of reparations on the spot and as a claim against their own government.

日本人的受教權被遏止

但是他們很快就改變了主意。中國人頒布了禁止日本小孩繼續受教育的法律，只能讀到本學期結束為止。這一切的虐待已經足以激起遣返日本的渴望，儘管在日本那邊沒有住家或社會連結。

日本人的財產沒收已經到了零售轉批發的程度，以至於在福爾摩沙的美國人覺得這恐怕會危及或者，至少，在最終和平條約讓賠償金的調整複雜化。

中國人好幾個月以來拒絕對已沒收財產開給收據或鑑價單，這些單據日本人返國後可交回給他們自己的政府做為已當場支付賠償金證明，並向他們的政府索賠。

Find New Rackets

U.S. repatriation forces finally cajoled and persuaded the Chinese to start a receipt system. It now is possible for Americans to check every Jap for his record of property confiscation before he boards ship.

What the attitude of the State Department or the War Department is on the Chinese intention to keep 100,000 Japanese as slave laborers is still a mystery. Repeated inquiries from the Formosan repatriation teams still go unanswered.

The Chinese go on discovering new wrinkles for exacting money, goods or services from the Japs. At Takao, heavily-bombed port city in Southern Formosa, the provisional governor instructed the Jap population to deliver to Chinese authorities some five million yen as payment for damage caused in the city by American bombers.

After they managed to dig up the first million, Jap collectors refused to gather any more.

The Chinese took over the campaign themselves, collected a whopping 5,200,000 yen. The money has been forwarded to Chinese headquarters in Chungking to be theoretically put in a fund for rebuilding the city.

(To Be Continued)

找到新的敲詐方法

美國遣返部隊最後終於哄騙和說服了中國人開始建立收據系統。現在美國人可以在日本人登船之前查核他的財產沒收記錄了。

國務院或陸軍部對於中國人有意留下100,000名日本人作為奴工一事的態度仍然是一個謎。在對福爾摩沙遣返團隊反覆詢問後仍然未得到回答。

中國人仍持續找到新妙計來向日本人敲詐金錢，商品或服務。在高雄，南福爾摩沙被嚴重轟炸的港市，代理首長指示日本人口繳交給中國當局約五百萬元來償付由美國轟炸機造成的城市破壞。

在他們成功發掘出第一個百萬後，日本收費員拒絕再去收了。

中國人自己接管了這項活動，蒐集了高達5,200,000元。錢已經轉交給重慶的中國總部作為理論上的重建城市基金。

（待續）
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圖片說明部分：

EN ROUTE BACK TO JAPAN, Jap Nationals report (left) for repatriation at the battered capitol building in Taihoku, Formosa. carrying their belongings on their back.

Huge junks (right) clutter the harbor of Kiirun, Formosa's best deep-water
port. The harbor has become a graveyard for Jap shipping destroyed by U.S. planes.

JAPS‘ HIDDEN DEFENSES of Formosa were difficult to spot from the air. And anti-aircraft guns such as this one were hard to destroy, protected as it was by a mammoth cave.

航向日本，日本國人在台北、福爾摩沙受重創的國會前報到（左）等候遣返，身後帶著他們的家當。

大量廢棄物（右）擠滿了基隆港，福爾摩沙最好的深水港。此港口已成為一個被美國軍機摧毀的日本船舶墳場。

日本人的福爾摩沙隱藏防禦工事很難從空中發現。且像這樣用猛瑪洞穴（碉堡？）保護的高射砲很難破壞。