敏感的放假日又快到了...

這篇是去年看到的文章，是1946年4月15日美國The Pittsburgh Press對台灣的系列報導，總共連續報導了四天。
228是發生在1947年2月，所以大約是事件的10個月前。

拜科技之賜，舊報紙竟然不用越洋去圖書館找膠捲，google就有了，影像清晰到彷彿還能聞到油墨味，實在是令人感嘆時代的進步...
想查閱整份報紙的可以去這裡找：
http://news.google.com/newspapers?n...460415&b_mode=2

一直想抽空看看裡面寫些什麼，苦於時間有限，轉眼間又過完年了。
今天心血來潮，邊讀邊隨手亂翻譯，如果譯得不好請鞭小力一點。

還有翻譯的目的只是純分享，基本照字面直譯不帶立場，愛惜帳號，發言請節制嘿！
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4月15日報紙全文：19460415

The Tragedy of Taiwan

Autocratic Chinese Replace Formosa’s Jap Governmnet

Since 1936 the island of Formosa has been forbidden ground for Western eyes. The island was under Jap domination for a long time. Following is the first of a series of dispatches on the new “freedom” brought to Formosa (called Taiwan by the Japs) by Allied liberation.

By HARLOW M. CHURCH, Special to The Pittsburgh Press

台灣的悲劇

專制的中國人取代福爾摩沙的日本政府

自1936年以來福爾摩沙島已經是西方眼界的禁地。該島受日本統治了很長的時間。以下是一系列關於被盟軍光復所帶予福爾摩沙（日本人稱為台灣）的新”自由”的新聞稿的首篇。

哈洛M.丘奇撰文，匹茲堡報特稿

TAKAO, Formosa, April 15 - For the past 51 years, the people of Formosa have awaited liberation from their Jap oppressors.

Now, after they have endured the first six months of rule by the Chinese government, they regard the merits of “liberation” with mixed feelings.

Not a single Formosan occupies an important post in the Chinese administration of the island. Sixty of Formosa's most prominent citizens are in jail on charges of “collaboration with the Japanese" despite the fact that all Formosans have been technically Jap subjects since the island was ceded to Japan by China following the 1895 treaty of Shimonsoseki.

That treaty was sponsored in no small degree by the American Government.

Under Jap rule, all political parties were banned. It came as quite a shock to the Formosans to find that under Chinese rule they were also forbidden to form political parties or become members of any political organizations other than those sponsored by the Central Government.

Mass meetings and public gatherings are forbidden. In theory, free speech and a free press are allowed. But it doesn't work out in actual practice.

高雄，福爾摩沙，4月15日 – 過去51年來，福爾摩沙人民已期盼從他們的日本壓迫者中光復。

現在，在他們忍受了中國政府統治的前六個月後，他們對“光復”的價值百感交集。

沒有任何一位福爾摩沙人在島上的中國政府佔據重要職務。60位福爾摩沙最顯赫的居民因被控”與日本人勾結”正在坐牢，雖然事實上所有的福爾摩沙人技術上已經是日本國民，自從中國依1895年馬關條約將此島割讓予日本以來。

該條約是由美國政府支援了不小的程度。

在日本統治之下，所有政黨都被禁止。福爾摩沙人相當震撼地發現，在中國統治下，他們也被禁止組織政黨或成為任何政治組織的成員，除了那些由中央政府支援的以外。

大型會議及公眾集會是禁止的。理論上來講，言論自由和新聞自由是允許的。不過實務上並非如此。

No Central Control

A newspaper in Kwarenko, capital of Kwarenko Province, was closed by Chinese occupation forces because it attacked the government's administration of rice. It then became apparent to the rest of the island's newspapers that the press might be censor free but it wasn't free to censure.

The Formosans are confused further by the lack of central authority in the island’s administration. The civil government, the Chinese army of occupation, the Central Government police and all the other administrative organizations all operate independently.

An order is issued by one agency to be contradicted by another. All vie with one another in the seizure of important Jap properties. Hundreds of laws and regulations are passed. But no organization ever bothers to set up a system to enforce any of them.

In the first months of occupation, the Chinese Government didn't make any allowances for the barrier of language that separates them from the Formosans. The Formosans speak Fukinese, a South China dialect that few of the officials know or understand. Some 65 per cent of the population speak the Japanese they learned during the Nips’ 51-year-long occupation.

But all official documents and proclamations were printed in Mandarin, the official Chinese Government language, which is completely incomprehensible to the Formosans. And Mandarin was the only language spoken by Central Government officials and police who first arrived to administer the island.

沒有中央控制

一個花蓮港市（花蓮港郡的首府）的報社，被中國佔領軍關閉，因為它攻擊政府的稻米管理。此後，對島上的其餘報社而言事情變得明顯，報紙或許不必接受審查，但並非免於受譴責。

福爾摩沙人進一步對島上的治理缺乏中央威信感到困惑。平民政府，中國佔領軍，中央政府警察和所有其他行政機構全都各自為政。

一個機構下達的命令會與其他機構產生矛盾。彼此對於被沒收的重要日本財產針鋒相對。數以百計的法律和法規獲得通過，但沒有一個組織曾試著去建立一個系統來執法。

在佔領的頭幾個月，中國政府對於分隔他們跟福爾摩沙人的語言障礙沒有任何體諒。福爾摩沙人講福建話，一個很少有官員知道或理解的南中國方言。約65％的人口講他們在日本佔領51年之久的期間學會的日語。

但所有正式文件和公告是用官話（中國政府官方語言，這是福爾摩沙人完全不懂的）印刷的。而官話是首先抵達來管理這個島的中央政府官員和警察唯一會講的語言。

Kidnapings Rise

Only a handful of Chinese police have been sent to the island to take the place of the large, efficient Jap police force that effectively maintained law and order. And the Chinese seem reluctant to employ native Formosans as police.

As a result, a wave of crime and gangsterism has swept the island. Most Formosans fear to leave their homes after dark or leave them unattended during the day.

Child kidnaping became so widespread that newspapers pleaded with Formosan mothers not to leave their children alone for a minute lest they be kidnaped and sold into slavery in China.

The most feared and best organized gang of thugs and bandits are the Roma, Formosan for “Slimy Eels." The “slimy Eels" were suppressed by the Japs during their years of occupation. Now, in roving bands that cover every province, the "Eels" keep the local population in abject fear.

綁架案上升

只有少數中國警察被送到島上來接替有效地維持法律與秩序的龐大有能力的日本警力。且中國人似乎不願僱用本土福爾摩沙人當警察。

其結果是，犯罪和幫派的浪潮席捲全島。大多數福爾摩沙人害怕天黑後出門或是白天讓家裡無人看管。

兒童綁架變得如此普遍，以至於報紙呼籲福爾摩沙媽媽們不要讓自己的小孩獨處片刻，以免他們被綁架並賣到中國為奴。

最令人恐懼並且最有組織的惡棍盜匪是流氓，福爾摩沙語”鱸鰻”。 ”鱸鰻”在日本佔領年代是被壓制住的。現在，遍及各郡成群遊走的”鱸鰻”讓本地居民陷入悽慘的恐懼中。

Prices Skyrocket

Many arrests have been made but they haven't resulted in any business for the island's criminal lawyers. The "slimy Eels” have apparently been able to settle their cases by dealing directly with local authorities.

The Government's failure to distribute rice, sugar and coal, with resultant black market prices that have skyrocketed the cost of living, has caused widespread discontent.

The Chinese Governments intention to keep 100,000 Jap technicians as slave labor to keep Formosa’s industries going has raised a large cry of public resentment. The Formosans feel that they're technically able to fill most of the jobs and that the use of slave labor will cause mounting unemployment.

The Formosans place no small share or the blame, for the present plight on the U.S. Government. They feel that the occupation of Formosa - at least until the formal peace treaty has been signed with Japan - should have been a joint Chinese-American affair with the Formosans left in control of civil government as much as possible.

The American Army and Navy trained thousands of special officers for Formosan administrative posts in anticipation of the invasion of the island during the war. Only one of the thousands trained actually is serving in the island.

物價飛漲

已經逮捕了很多人，但是島上的刑事律師並沒有得到業務。”鱸鰻”們顯然已經能夠直接跟地方政府打交道解決他們的案子。

政府未能分配米、糖和煤炭，以致黑市價格讓生活成本飛漲，已引起了廣泛的不滿。

中國政府有意留下100,000個日本技術人員為奴工，以維持台灣的工業運轉，已引起了憤慨公眾的囂叫。福爾摩沙人覺得他們技術上是能夠填補大部分工作的，而使用奴工將導致居高不下的失業率。

福爾摩沙人將目前的困境多歸咎於美國政府。他們認為佔領福爾摩沙 - 至少直到與日本簽署正式和平條約為止 - 理應是一個盡可能讓福爾摩沙人掌理平民政府的中美協同事務。

美國的陸軍和海軍在戰爭期間培訓了上千個特種軍官以期在入侵這個島時負擔行政職務。上千個受訓者中只有一個實際在島上執勤。

Yanks Ignored

In August, the United States organized an American Army and Navy advisory group to assist the Chinese in administrating the island. But the Chinese have completely and consistently ignored any advice or suggestions.

Given no authority and furnished no backing by our State Department despite repeated pleas and requests, the advisory group became the Formosan Liaison Group.

Then, after scores more of requests for clarification of authority and a clear definition of its responsibilities in Formosa went unneeded, it degenerated into the Formosan Repatriation Group. It became an organization of less than 100 men in the entire island. Its tasks is to repatriate the Jap soldiers and civilians from the island.

Chinese response to American aid or advice in the governing of the island can best be summed up by one Chinese colonel’s answer to an American request: "The Americans should be driven into the ocean at the point of Chinese bayonets."

To Be Continued.

老美被忽略了

八月時美國籌組了一個美國陸軍和海軍顧問團以協助中國治理該島。但中國完全且一貫地忽視任何忠告或建議。

鑑於沒有權力且沒有我們的國務院支持，儘管一再呼籲和要求，顧問團變成福爾摩沙聯絡組。

然後，在歷經多次請求釐清其在福爾摩沙的權力和責任一再被忽視，它退化為福爾摩沙遣返組。它成為一個全島不到100人的組織。它的任務是從島上遣返日本士兵和平民。

針對美國對於治理此島的援助及忠告，中國的回應可以用某位中國上校回答美國要求的話做總結：“美國人應該用中國刺刀頂著趕入海裡。”

待續

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以下為報紙圖片部分的說明：

FORMOSA - OUT OF THE FRYING PAN - Liberated from the Japs by the Allied victory, Formosa, which was called Taiwan by the Nips, is in a virtual state of confusion. Japs on the island are being sent to Japan, one of the many tasks confronting the Allies on the island.

Top left, a Jap family is transported to the docks en route to Japan.

Top Right, Jap soldiers waiting to board their ship do their calisthenics on the pier at Takao, Formosa.

Bottom, Harlow M. Church, author of the accompanying dispatch, squats oriental style on the floor of a hotel room at Takao as he types his story.

福爾摩沙 – 脫離煎鍋 – 因盟軍勝利而從日本人手中光復，福爾摩沙，被日本稱為台灣，是處在一個實質上的困惑狀態。在島上的日本人正被遣返日本，此為島上盟軍面對的許多任務之一。

左上，一個日本家庭被載往船渠返回日本途中。

右上，日本士兵在等候登船時做體操，在高雄碼頭，福爾摩沙。

底下，哈洛M.丘奇，本稿作者，在高雄一家旅館房間地板上盤腿而坐繕打本文。